---
title: After an awful struggle the opposition was broken down and the eight… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: After an awful struggle the opposition was broken down and the eight leaped over the piles of the slain and fled toward the mountains. Who acts: eight. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Eight of Oahu, sentence 50

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After an awful struggle the opposition was broken down and the eight leaped over the piles of the slain and fled toward the mountains.

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**Who acts:** eight · **What happens:** break down, leap, flee · **To what, where:** opposition, piles, mountains

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:16:50
# text = After an awful struggle the opposition was broken down and the eight leaped over the piles of the slain and fled toward the mountains.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	struggle	struggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	opposition	opposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nsubj	_	_
13	leaped	leap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	piles	pile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	slain	slain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
22	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | past · passive |  | the opposition |  |  | after a awful struggle |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **leap** | participle | the eight |  |  | the piles of the slain |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over pile=Trajectory |
| 3 | **flee** | past |  |  |  | the mountains |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme toward mountain=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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