---
title: This was the first naval battle in which guns were the prominent wea… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: This was the first naval battle in which guns were the prominent weapons used by the Hawaiian chiefs. Who acts: This, first naval battle. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 3

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This was the first naval battle in which guns were the prominent weapons used by the Hawaiian chiefs.

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**Who acts:** This, first naval battle · **What happens:** be, use · **To what, where:** first naval battle, prominent weapons

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, first naval battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:17:3
# text = This was the first naval battle in which guns were the prominent weapons used by the Hawaiian chiefs.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
5	naval	naval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
9	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	prominent	prominent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Hawaiian	hawaiian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | This | the first naval battle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the first naval battle |  |  | the prominent weapons |  | guns *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | the prominent weapons *not said here* |  |  |  | the Hawaiian chiefs *obl:agent* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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