---
title: Soon Kahekili, chief of Oahu, with the Oahu and Maui war canoes, was… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Soon Kahekili, chief of Oahu, with the Oahu and Maui war canoes, was driven by Ka-meha-meha from the northwestern coast which they had been devastating. Who acts: Ka, northwestern coast. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 67

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Soon Kahekili, chief of Oahu, with the Oahu and Maui war canoes, was driven by Ka-meha-meha from the northwestern coast which they had been devastating.

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**Who acts:** Ka, northwestern coast · **What happens:** drive, be · **To what, where:** Kahekili, northwestern coast

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ka, northwestern coast), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:17:67
# text = Soon Kahekili, chief of Oahu, with the Oahu and Maui war canoes, was driven by Ka-meha-meha from the northwestern coast which they had been devastating.
1	Soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
2	Kahekili	Kahekili	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Oahu	Oahu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Oahu	Oahu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	Maui	Maui	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Ka	Ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	19	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	21	flat:foreign	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	northwestern	northwestern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
28	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	32	cop	_	_
32	devastating	devastating	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past · passive | Ka | Kahekili |  | the northwestern coast |  | soon *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from coast=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is** | past · perfect | the northwestern coast |  |  |  |  | people *nsubj*; devastating *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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