---
title: The possession of this armament led Ka-meha-meha to seize the two wh… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The possession of this armament led Ka-meha-meha to seize the two white men, Isaac Davis and John Young in the year 1790. Who acts: possession. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 9

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The possession of this armament led Ka-meha-meha to seize the two white men, Isaac Davis and John Young in the year 1790.

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**Who acts:** possession · **What happens:** lead, seize, possess · **To what, where:** Ka, two white men, armament

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (possession), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:17:9
# text = The possession of this armament led Ka-meha-meha to seize the two white men, Isaac Davis and John Young in the year 1790.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	armament	armament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Ka	Ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	dep	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	seize	seize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
16	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
20	Davis	Davis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
23	Young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	1790	1790	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the possession of this armament | Ka |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ka=Theme |
| 2 | **seize** | to-infinitive | the possession of this armament *not said here* | the two white men |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |
| 3 | **possess** |  |  | this armament |  |  |  |  | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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