---
title: Ka-meha-meha owned the best harbours and offered the best inducement… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Ka-meha-meha owned the best harbours and offered the best inducements for trade with the foreigners. Who acts: Ka. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 151

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Ka-meha-meha owned the best harbours and offered the best inducements for trade with the foreigners.

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**Who acts:** Ka · **What happens:** own, offer · **To what, where:** best harbours, best inducements

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:18:151
# text = Ka-meha-meha owned the best harbours and offered the best inducements for trade with the foreigners.
1	Ka	Ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	dep	_	_
6	owned	own	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	harbours	harbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	amod	_	_
14	inducements	inducement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **own** | past | Ka | the best harbours |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot harbour=Theme |
| 2 | **offer** | past | Ka *not said here* | the best inducements |  |  |  | for trade *goal*; with the foreigners | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent inducement=Theme for trade=Goal |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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