---
title: However, the elder chief was of lower rank than the other, because h… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: However, the elder chief was of lower rank than the other, because his ancestry had not been guarded with the same jealous care that surrounded the birth of his friend. Who acts: elder chief. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, with its 
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 20

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However, the elder chief was of lower rank than the other, because his ancestry had not been guarded with the same jealous care that surrounded the birth of his friend.

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**Who acts:** elder chief · **What happens:** be, not guard, surround · **To what, where:** ancestry, same jealous care

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elder chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:18:20
# text = However, the elder chief was of lower rank than the other, because his ancestry had not been guarded with the same jealous care that surrounded the birth of his friend.
1	However	however	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	ancestry	ancestry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the elder chief |  |  |  |  | of lower rank; than the other | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **guard** | past · perfect · passive |  | chief's ancestry |  |  |  | with the same jealous care | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **surround** | participle · passive |  | the same jealous care |  |  |  | the birth of chief's friend *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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