---
title: “O my Kahai,” he said, “yesterday and the defeat at Hilo make my tho… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: “O my Kahai,” he said, “yesterday and the defeat at Hilo make my thoughts burn! Who acts: Kahai, yesterday, thoughts, my. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 24

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“O my Kahai,” he said, “yesterday and the defeat at Hilo make my thoughts burn!

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**Who acts:** Kahai, yesterday, thoughts, my · **What happens:** say, make, burn, think · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kahai, yesterday, thoughts, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:18:24
# text = “O my Kahai,” he said, “yesterday and the defeat at Hilo make my thoughts burn!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	Kahai	Kahai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	yesterday	yesterday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Hilo	Hilo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	burn	burn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | my Kahai |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** *in a quote* | infinitive | yesterday and the defeat at Hilo |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **burn** *in a quote* | present | my thoughts |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **think** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom thought «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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