---
title: The story, related by Kukahi, is that Ka-meha-meha did not succeed i… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The story, related by Kukahi, is that Ka-meha-meha did not succeed in overtaking any of the Puna people before they gained the shore and fled inland. Who acts: story, people. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, with its dependency tree a
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 98

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The story, related by Kukahi, is that Ka-meha-meha did not succeed in overtaking any of the Puna people before they gained the shore and fled inland.

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**Who acts:** story, people · **What happens:** relate, not be, overtake, gain, flee · **To what, where:** story, any, shore

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:18:98
# text = The story, related by Kukahi, is that Ka-meha-meha did not succeed in overtaking any of the Puna people before they gained the shore and fled inland.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	related	relate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Kukahi	Kukahi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
10	Ka	Ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	meha	meha	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	dep	_	_
15	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	succeed	succeed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
18	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	overtaking	overtake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Puna	Puna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
25	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
32	inland	inland	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **relate** | participle |  | the story *not said here* |  |  |  | by Kukahi | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present · do-support | the story |  |  |  |  | Ka *nsubj*; succeed *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **overtake** | gerund | the story *not said here* | any of the Puna people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **gain** | past | people | the shore |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shore=Theme |
| 5 | **flee** | past | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | inland *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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