---
title: Here Maui lived on edible roots and fruits and raw fish, knowing lit… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Here Maui lived on edible roots and fruits and raw fish, knowing little about cooked food, for the art of fire-making was not yet known. Who acts: Maui. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui the Polynesian, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui the Polynesian, sentence 51

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Here Maui lived on edible roots and fruits and raw fish, knowing little about cooked food, for the art of fire-making was not yet known.

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**Who acts:** Maui · **What happens:** live, know, cook, not know · **To what, where:** edible roots, little, art · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui the Polynesian. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maui), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:2:51
# text = Here Maui lived on edible roots and fruits and raw fish, knowing little about cooked food, for the art of fire-making was not yet known.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Maui	Maui	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	edible	edible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	raw	raw	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obj	_	_
15	about	about	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	making	making	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
28	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Maui |  |  | edible roots and fruits and raw fish; here |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on root=Location |
| 2 | **know** | gerund | Maui *not said here* | little |  |  |  | about cooked food | tree rules |
| 3 | **cook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **know** | past · passive |  | the art of fire making |  |  | yet |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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