---
title: Liho-liho was glad to have the chiefs instructed and took 100 copies… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Liho-liho was glad to have the chiefs instructed and took 100 copies of the first primer for his friends and attendants. Who acts: Liho liho, chiefs. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Hawaiian Printing, sentence 28

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Liho-liho was glad to have the chiefs instructed and took 100 copies of the first primer for his friends and attendants.

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**Who acts:** Liho liho, chiefs · **What happens:** be, have, instruct, take, copy · **To what, where:** 100 copies, first primer

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Liho liho, chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:20:28
# text = Liho-liho was glad to have the chiefs instructed and took 100 copies of the first primer for his friends and attendants.
1	Liho	Liho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	liho	liho	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	instructed	instruct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	copies	copy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	18	amod	_	_
18	primer	primer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	attendants	attendant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Liho liho |  |  |  |  | glad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive | Liho liho *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **instruct** *speech: other* | past | the chiefs |  |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **take** | past | the chiefs *not said here* | 100 copies of the first primer for Kuakini's friends and attendants |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent copy=Theme |
| 5 | **copy** |  |  | the first primer for Kuakini's friends and attendants |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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