---
title: Alexander Campbell, who, in 1809, was left in Honolulu by a whaling… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Alexander Campbell, who, in 1809, was left in Honolulu by a whaling ship on account of frozen feet, revealed the situation. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Hawaiian Printing, sentence 5

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Alexander Campbell, who, in 1809, was left in Honolulu by a whaling ship on account of frozen feet, revealed the situation.

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**What happens:** leave, freeze, reveal, account · **To what, where:** Alexander, Honolulu, situation, frozen feet

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:20:5
# text = Alexander Campbell, who, in 1809, was left in Honolulu by a whaling ship on account of frozen feet, revealed the situation.
1	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	Campbell	Campbell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1809	1809	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Honolulu	Honolulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	whaling	whaling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	revealed	reveal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Alexander |  | Honolulu |  | by a whaling ship on account of frozen feet | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in honolulu=Location |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **reveal** | past |  | the situation |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent situation=Topic |
| 4 | **account** |  |  | frozen feet |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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