--- title: Mr. Whitney says: “I say if the whole Bible is in print in the Hawai… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics description: Mr. Whitney says: “I say if the whole Bible is in print in the Hawaiian language in ten years from this time it is as much as I expect, and I think will be a progress exceeding that of any other mission to any heathen country having a language not previously written or reduced to order.” Who acts: W --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/58/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Historical Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/) / [First Hawaiian Printing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/) / 58 # Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Hawaiian Printing, sentence 58 Mr. Whitney says: “I say if the whole Bible is in print in the Hawaiian language in ten years from this time it is as much as I expect, and I think will be a progress exceeding that of any other mission to any heathen country having a language not previously written or reduced to order.” **Who acts:** Whitney, whole Bible, Bible, progress, other mission · **What happens:** say, be, expect, think, exceed, have · **To what, where:** print, time, progress, language · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whitney, whole Bible, Bible, progress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66357:20:58 # text = Mr. Whitney says: “I say if the whole Bible is in print in the Hawaiian language in ten years from this time it is as much as I expect, and I think will be a progress exceeding that of any other mission to any heathen country having a language not previously written or reduced to order.” 1 Mr. Mr. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod:desc _ _ 2 Whitney Whitney PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 5 “ " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 8 if if SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 Bible Bible PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 print print NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 ccomp _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 Hawaiian hawaiian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ _ 22 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 24 det _ _ 24 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 27 as as ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 acl:relcl _ _ 29 as as SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 30 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 expect expect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 36 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 37 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 39 cop _ _ 38 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 progress progress NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 ccomp _ _ 40 exceeding exceed VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 39 acl _ _ 41 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 40 obj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 43 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 45 det _ _ 44 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 mission mission NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 46 to to ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 47 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 49 det _ _ 48 heathen heathen NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 compound _ _ 49 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nmod _ _ 50 having have VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 45 acl _ _ 51 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obj _ _ 53 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 55 advmod _ _ 54 previously previously ADV RB _ 55 advmod _ _ 55 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 acl:relcl _ _ 56 or or CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 57 reduced reduce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 55 conj _ _ 58 to to PART TO _ 59 mark _ _ 59 order order VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 57 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 60 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 61 ” " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Whitney Mr. | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Whitney Mr. *= whitney* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | the whole Bible | | | print | | in the Hawaiian language in ten years from this time | tree rules | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Bible | this time *not said here* | | | | much *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **expect** *in a quote* | present | Whitney Mr. *= whitney* | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | Whitney Mr. *= whitney* | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is a** *in a quote* | future | | a progress | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **exceed** *in a quote* | gerund | a progress *not said here* | a progress | | | | | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme | | 9 | **have** *in a quote* | gerund | any other mission to any heathen country *not said here* | a language | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient | | 10 | **not** **write** *in a quote* | participle | | a language *not said here* | | | | previously *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **reduce** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Causer clause=Goal | | 12 | **order** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/57/) - next →: [sentence 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/59/) - ↑ back to [First Hawaiian Printing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/)