---
title: Many subtle influences were at work in the evolution of Hawaiian civ… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Many subtle influences were at work in the evolution of Hawaiian civilisation. Who acts: Many subtle influences, Hawaiian civilisation. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 1

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Many subtle influences were at work in the evolution of Hawaiian civilisation.

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**Who acts:** Many subtle influences, Hawaiian civilisation · **What happens:** be, evolve · **To what, where:** work

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many subtle influences, Hawaiian civilisation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:21:1
# text = Many subtle influences were at work in the evolution of Hawaiian civilisation.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	subtle	subtle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	influences	influence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	evolution	evolution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Hawaiian	hawaiian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	civilisation	civilisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Many subtle influences |  |  | work |  | in the evolution of Hawaiian civilisation | tree rules |
| 2 | **evolve** |  | Hawaiian civilisation |  |  |  |  |  | nom evolution «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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