---
title: Mr. Richards had much to do in the preparation of the new system of… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Mr. Richards had much to do in the preparation of the new system of rule. Who acts: Richards. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 31

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Mr. Richards had much to do in the preparation of the new system of rule.

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**Who acts:** Richards · **What happens:** have, do, prepare · **To what, where:** much, preparation, new system

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Richards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:21:31
# text = Mr. Richards had much to do in the preparation of the new system of rule.
1	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Richards	Richards	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	preparation	preparation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Richards  Mr. | much |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the preparation of the new system of rule |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **prepare** |  |  | the new system of rule |  |  |  |  | nom preparation «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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