---
title: “If any parents have five, six, or more children, whom they support… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: “If any parents have five, six, or more children, whom they support ... then these parents shall by no means be required to pay any poll, land or labour tax until their children are old enough to work, which is at fourteen years of age.” Who acts: parents, more children, children. A sentence of «Haw
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 64

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“If any parents have five, six, or more children, whom they support ... then these parents shall by no means be required to pay any poll, land or labour tax until their children are old enough to work, which is at fourteen years of age.”

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**Who acts:** parents, more children, children · **What happens:** have, support, mean, require, pay, be · **To what, where:** five, poll · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parents, more children, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:21:64
# text = “If any parents have five, six, or more children, whom they support ... then these parents shall by no means be required to pay any poll, land or labour tax until their children are old enough to work, which is at fourteen years of age.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
6	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	support	support	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
17	...	...	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
18	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
19	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	nsubj	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	obl	_	_
24	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	ccomp	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	30	det	_	_
30	poll	poll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
36	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
39	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
40	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	advcl	_	_
41	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
42	to	to	PART	TO	_	43	mark	_	_
43	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
45	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	nsubj	_	_
46	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	49	cop	_	_
47	at	at	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	fourteen	fourteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	49	nummod	_	_
49	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obl	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | any parents | five |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent five=Patient |
| 2 | **support** *in a quote* | present | more children |  |  |  |  | whom *obj*; children *= child* *nsubj* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |
| 3 | **mean** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **require** *in a quote* | infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: clause=Precondition |
| 5 | **pay** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | any poll or labour tax |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poll=Asset |
| 6 | **is** *in a quote* | present | tax's children |  |  |  |  | enough, old *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **work** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | tax's children *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  | at fourteen years; of age | which *nsubj* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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