---
title: The chiefs were exhorted “to disperse those lazy persons who live in… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The chiefs were exhorted “to disperse those lazy persons who live in hordes around you, through whom heavy burdens are imposed upon your labouring tenants.” Who acts: lazy persons. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 79

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The chiefs were exhorted “to disperse those lazy persons who live in hordes around you, through whom heavy burdens are imposed upon your labouring tenants.”

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**Who acts:** lazy persons · **What happens:** exhort, disperse, live, impose, labour · **To what, where:** chiefs, lazy persons, hordes, heavy burdens · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lazy persons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:21:79
# text = The chiefs were exhorted “to disperse those lazy persons who live in hordes around you, through whom heavy burdens are imposed upon your labouring tenants.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	exhorted	exhort	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	disperse	disperse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
9	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	hordes	horde	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	around	around	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	obl	_	_
20	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	burdens	burden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	imposed	impose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
24	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
26	labouring	labour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	amod	_	_
27	tenants	tenant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhort** | past · passive |  | the chiefs |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **disperse** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | that lazy persons |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent person=Patient |
| 3 | **live** *in a quote* | present | that lazy persons |  |  | hordes |  | around you | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in horde=Location |
| 4 | **impose** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | heavy burdens |  |  |  | through that lazy persons; upon your labouring tenants | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **labour** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn work-73.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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