--- title: This flag was succeeded in 1801 by the present Union Jack, which is… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics description: This flag was succeeded in 1801 by the present Union Jack, which is made by placing three crosses upon a blue field—St. George’s of England, a red cross; St. Andrew’s of Scotland, a white cross, and St. Patrick’s of Ireland. Who acts: present Union Jack, George. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Le --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Historical Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/) / [The Hawaiian Flag](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/) / 9 # Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 9 This flag was succeeded in 1801 by the present Union Jack, which is made by placing three crosses upon a blue field—St. George’s of England, a red cross; St. Andrew’s of Scotland, a white cross, and St. Patrick’s of Ireland. **Who acts:** present Union Jack, George · **What happens:** succeed, make, place · **To what, where:** flag, 1801, three crosses, blue field This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (present Union Jack, George), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66357:22:9 # text = This flag was succeeded in 1801 by the present Union Jack, which is made by placing three crosses upon a blue field—St. George’s of England, a red cross; St. Andrew’s of Scotland, a white cross, and St. Patrick’s of Ireland. 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _ 2 flag flag NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 succeeded succeed VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 1801 1801 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 obl _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 9 present present ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 10 Union Union PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 Jack Jack PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 16 by by SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 17 placing place VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 advcl _ _ 18 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 crosses cross NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 20 upon upon ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 blue blue ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 — - PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 St. St. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod:desc _ _ 26 George George PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl:agent _ SpaceAfter=No 27 ’s 's PART POS _ 26 case _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 cross cross NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 34 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 St. St. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nmod:desc _ _ 36 Andrew Andrew PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ’s 's PART POS _ 36 case _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 Scotland Scotland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 cross cross NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 46 St. St. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod:desc _ _ 47 Patrick Patrick PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 48 ’s 's PART POS _ 47 case _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 Ireland Ireland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **succeed** | past · passive | the present Union Jack | this flag | | 1801 | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | present · passive | George St. of England and Andrew St. of Scotland and a white cross and Patrick St.'s Ireland | | | | | which *nsubj:pass* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product | | 3 | **place** | gerund | George St. of England and Andrew St. of Scotland and a white cross and Patrick St.'s Ireland *not said here* | three crosses | | a blue field | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cross=Theme upon field=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/8/) - next →: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/10/) - ↑ back to [The Hawaiian Flag](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/)