---
title: Maui warned the birds to refrain from making any noise while he made… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Maui warned the birds to refrain from making any noise while he made the supreme effort of his life. Who acts: Maui. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui Seeking Immortality, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui Seeking Immortality, sentence 28

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Maui warned the birds to refrain from making any noise while he made the supreme effort of his life.

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**Who acts:** Maui · **What happens:** warn, refrain, make · **To what, where:** birds, noise, supreme effort · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui Seeking Immortality. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maui), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:3:28
# text = Maui warned the birds to refrain from making any noise while he made the supreme effort of his life.
1	Maui	Maui	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	refrain	refrain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	supreme	supreme	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | Maui |  | the birds |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent bird=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **refrain** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | gerund |  | any noise |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |
| 4 | **make** | past | Maui | the supreme effort of Maui's life |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effort=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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