---
title: Sometimes the tunnels left by currents of melted lava running toward… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Sometimes the tunnels left by currents of melted lava running toward the west are the passages into the home of departed spirits. Who acts: melted lava, tunnels. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui Seeking Immortality, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui Seeking Immortality, sentence 6

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Sometimes the tunnels left by currents of melted lava running toward the west are the passages into the home of departed spirits.

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**Who acts:** melted lava, tunnels · **What happens:** leave, melt, run, be, depart · **To what, where:** tunnels, west, passages, home

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui Seeking Immortality. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (melted lava, tunnels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:3:6
# text = Sometimes the tunnels left by currents of melted lava running toward the west are the passages into the home of departed spirits.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	currents	current	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	melted	melt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	passages	passage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	departed	depart	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle |  | the tunnels *not said here* |  |  |  | by currents of melted lava | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by current=Location |
| 2 | **melt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **run** | gerund | melted lava *not said here* |  |  | the west |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme toward west=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the tunnels | the passages |  | the home of departed spirits |  | sometimes *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **depart** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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