---
title: Another very ancient stone wall around a large fish pond is referred… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Another very ancient stone wall around a large fish pond is referred to the Menehunes, who did not finish their work in one night, therefore the wall has always been incomplete. Who acts: Menehunes, wall. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, A Viking of the Pacific, with 
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, A Viking of the Pacific, sentence 57

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Another very ancient stone wall around a large fish pond is referred to the Menehunes, who did not finish their work in one night, therefore the wall has always been incomplete.

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**Who acts:** Menehunes, wall · **What happens:** refer, not finish, be, work · **To what, where:** ancient stone wall, Menehunes, work

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, A Viking of the Pacific. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Menehunes, wall), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:5:57
# text = Another very ancient stone wall around a large fish pond is referred to the Menehunes, who did not finish their work in one night, therefore the wall has always been incomplete.
1	Another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	referred	refer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Menehunes	Menehune	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
18	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
30	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
31	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	33	advmod	_	_
32	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	33	cop	_	_
33	incomplete	incomplete	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | present · passive |  | another ancient stone wall around a large fish pond | the Menehunes |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to menehune=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **finish** | past · do-support | the Menehunes | Menehunes's work |  |  | night |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector work=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present · perfect | the wall |  |  |  |  | always, incomplete, therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **work** |  | Menehunes *= menehune* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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