---
title: Groups of ten or fifteen contestants were allowed to start together. — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Groups of ten or fifteen contestants were allowed to start together. Who acts: Groups. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 125

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Groups of ten or fifteen contestants were allowed to start together.

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**Who acts:** Groups · **What happens:** allow, start · **To what, where:** Groups

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Groups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:125
# text = Groups of ten or fifteen contestants were allowed to start together.
1	Groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	_
6	contestants	contestant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | past · passive |  | Groups of ten contestants |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **start** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Groups of ten contestants *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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