---
title: In a second he leaped ahead of his board, caught the chief with one… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: In a second he leaped ahead of his board, caught the chief with one hand and with the other secured the surf-board floating by. Who acts: Vai, other, surf board. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 148

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In a second he leaped ahead of his board, caught the chief with one hand and with the other secured the surf-board floating by.

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**Who acts:** Vai, other, surf board · **What happens:** leap, catch, secure, float · **To what, where:** chief, surf board

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vai, other, surf board), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:148
# text = In a second he leaped ahead of his board, caught the chief with one hand and with the other secured the surf-board floating by.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	nsubj	_	_
21	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
26	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past | Vai |  |  |  | second | of Vai's board; ahead *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of board=Trajectory |
| 2 | **catch** | past |  | the chief |  |  |  | with one hand | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chief=Theme |
| 3 | **secure** | past | the other | the surf board |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition board=Theme |
| 4 | **float** | gerund | the surf board *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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