---
title: Frequently a board was tied between the sticks and a piece of mattin… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Frequently a board was tied between the sticks and a piece of matting laid upon it for the benefit of the rider. Who acts: piece. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 159

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Frequently a board was tied between the sticks and a piece of matting laid upon it for the benefit of the rider.

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**Who acts:** piece · **What happens:** tie, mat, lay · **To what, where:** board

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (piece), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:159
# text = Frequently a board was tied between the sticks and a piece of matting laid upon it for the benefit of the rider.
1	Frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	matting	mat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
14	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	benefit	benefit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past · passive |  | a board |  |  |  | between the sticks and a piece; frequently *property* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **mat** | gerund | a piece *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lay** | participle | a piece *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon hardwood; for the benefit of the rider | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for benefit=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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