---
title: The first and second runners to win in this race were to go as the m… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The first and second runners to win in this race were to go as the messengers of Ulu and Nanaulu. Who acts: first runners. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 176

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The first and second runners to win in this race were to go as the messengers of Ulu and Nanaulu.

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**Who acts:** first runners · **What happens:** win, go · **To what, where:** race

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first runners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:176
# text = The first and second runners to win in this race were to go as the messengers of Ulu and Nanaulu.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	conj	_	_
5	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Ulu	Ulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	Nanaulu	Nanaulu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | to-infinitive | the first runners *not said here* |  |  | this race |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in race=Eventuality |
| 2 | **go** | past | the first runners |  |  |  |  | as the messengers of Ulu and Nanaulu | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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