---
title: The ordinary stone used by most of the chiefs was an inch thick and… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The ordinary stone used by most of the chiefs was an inch thick and about ten inches in circumference. Who acts: ordinary stone. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 187

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The ordinary stone used by most of the chiefs was an inch thick and about ten inches in circumference.

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**Who acts:** ordinary stone · **What happens:** use, be · **To what, where:** ordinary stone

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ordinary stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:187
# text = The ordinary stone used by most of the chiefs was an inch thick and about ten inches in circumference.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	inch	inch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	about	about	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	inches	inch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	circumference	circumference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | the ordinary stone *not said here* |  |  |  | by most of the chiefs | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the ordinary stone |  |  |  |  | a inch *obl:unmarked*; ten inches in circumference *conj*; thick *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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