---
title: Executioners with sharp-edged clubs of heavy hardwood then struck do… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Executioners with sharp-edged clubs of heavy hardwood then struck down the prisoners as the boat was rushed to the sea. Who acts: Executioners. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 25

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Executioners with sharp-edged clubs of heavy hardwood then struck down the prisoners as the boat was rushed to the sea.

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**Who acts:** Executioners · **What happens:** edge, strike down, rush · **To what, where:** prisoners, boat, sea

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Executioners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:7:25
# text = Executioners with sharp-edged clubs of heavy hardwood then struck down the prisoners as the boat was rushed to the sea.
1	Executioners	executioner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	edged	edge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	clubs	club	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hardwood	hardwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
11	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	rushed	rush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **edge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **strike down** | past | Executioners with edged clubs of heavy hardwood | the prisoners |  |  | then |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prisoner=Patient |
| 3 | **rush** | past · passive |  | the boat |  | the sea |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme to sea=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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