---
title: The idle, the dissolute, the depraved and the reckless among the sub… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The idle, the dissolute, the depraved and the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands flocked to Kapawa and became his “eating companions”—those who received from his bounty their food and clothing. Who acts: reckless. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paa
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 169

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The idle, the dissolute, the depraved and the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands flocked to Kapawa and became his “eating companions”—those who received from his bounty their food and clothing.

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**Who acts:** reckless · **What happens:** deprave, flock, become, eat, receive · **To what, where:** Kapawa, eating companions, bounty, idle dissolute

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reckless), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:8:169
# text = The idle, the dissolute, the depraved and the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands flocked to Kapawa and became his “eating companions”—those who received from his bounty their food and clothing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dissolute	dissolute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
8	depraved	deprave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	reckless	reckless	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sub-chiefs	sub-chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
19	flocked	flock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Kapawa	Kapawa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
25	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	amod	_	_
27	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nmod	_	_
31	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
32	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
33	from	from	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	bounty	bounty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deprave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **flock** | past | the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands |  | Kapawa |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **become** | past | the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands *not said here* | Kapawa's eating companions |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **receive** | past |  |  |  | Kapawa's bounty |  | who *nsubj* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from bounty=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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