---
title: Independent of each other, the rights of each were jealously guarded. — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Independent of each other, the rights of each were jealously guarded. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 227

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Independent of each other, the rights of each were jealously guarded.

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**What happens:** guard · **To what, where:** Independent

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:8:227
# text = Independent of each other, the rights of each were jealously guarded.
1	Independent	independent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	1	nmod	_	_
4	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nmod	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
11	jealously	jealously	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guard** | past · passive |  | Independent of each |  |  |  | the rights of each *nsubj:pass*; jealously *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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