---
title: The prophet sniffed the air, then stepped upon the high prow and bre… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The prophet sniffed the air, then stepped upon the high prow and breathed again. Who acts: prophet. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 90

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The prophet sniffed the air, then stepped upon the high prow and breathed again.

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**Who acts:** prophet · **What happens:** sniff, step, breathe · **To what, where:** air, high prow

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prophet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:8:90
# text = The prophet sniffed the air, then stepped upon the high prow and breathed again.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sniffed	sniff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	prow	prow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	breathed	breathe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
15	again	again	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sniff** | past | the prophet | the air |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
| 2 | **step** | past |  |  |  | the high prow | then |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon prow=Trajectory |
| 3 | **breathe** | participle |  |  |  |  | again |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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