---
title: He controlled the direction in which the winds should travel, by lif… — Hawaiian Historical Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: He controlled the direction in which the winds should travel, by lifting the cover on one side of the calabash. Who acts: Laa, winds. A sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Moi-keha, the Restless, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Historical Legends, Moi-keha, the Restless, sentence 51

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He controlled the direction in which the winds should travel, by lifting the cover on one side of the calabash.

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**Who acts:** Laa, winds · **What happens:** control, travel, lift · **To what, where:** direction, cover, one side

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Moi-keha, the Restless. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Laa, winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66357:9:51
# text = He controlled the direction in which the winds should travel, by lifting the cover on one side of the calabash.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	controlled	control	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	cover	cover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	calabash	calabash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | past | Laa | the direction |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Theme |
| 2 | **travel** | should | the winds |  |  | the direction |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Trajectory |
| 3 | **lift** | gerund | Laa *not said here* | the cover |  | one side of the calabash |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cover=Theme on side=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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