---
title: They are caused by the waves splashing against the rocky shores of t… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: They are caused by the waves splashing against the rocky shores of the northern seas (James bay), which produce a sort of reflected glow. Who acts: waves, northern seas. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Timiskaming Folk-lore., wi
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Timiskaming Folk-lore., sentence 19

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They are caused by the waves splashing against the rocky shores of the northern seas (James bay), which produce a sort of reflected glow.

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**Who acts:** waves, northern seas · **What happens:** cause, splash, produce, reflect, sort · **To what, where:** e, rocky shores, sort, reflected glow

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Timiskaming Folk-lore.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waves, northern seas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:10:19
# text = They are caused by the waves splashing against the rocky shores of the northern seas (James bay), which produce a sort of reflected glow.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
7	splashing	splash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	shores	shore	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	James	James	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	bay	Bay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	produce	produce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sort	sort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	amod	_	_
27	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | the waves | e |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 2 | **splash** | gerund | the waves *not said here* |  |  | the rocky shores of the northern seas |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against shore=Location |
| 3 | **produce** | present | the northern seas | a sort of reflected glow |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sort=Result |
| 4 | **reflect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **sort** |  |  | reflected glow |  |  |  |  | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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