---
title: He started west and is there yet, lying on his back, singing and ham… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: He started west and is there yet, lying on his back, singing and hammering at his wigwam poles, in place of drumming, all the time. Who acts: Nenebuc, place. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Oj
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 2, sentence 108

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He started west and is there yet, lying on his back, singing and hammering at his wigwam poles, in place of drumming, all the time.

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**Who acts:** Nenebuc, place · **What happens:** start, be, lie, sing, hammer, drum · **To what, where:** back

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nenebuc, place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:12:108
# text = He started west and is there yet, lying on his back, singing and hammering at his wigwam poles, in place of drumming, all the time.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	west	west	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	conj	_	_
7	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	parataxis	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	hammering	hammer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
24	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	29	det:predet	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | Nenebuc |  |  |  | yet | west *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | present | Nenebuc *not said here* |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund |  |  |  | Nenebuc's back |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on back=Location |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **hammer** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | at Nenebuc's wigwam poles and place | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at pole=Patient |
| 6 | **drum** | gerund | place *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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