---
title: His brother began crying and ran back to his grandmother in the wigw… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: His brother began crying and ran back to his grandmother in the wigwam, saying, “My little brother is koga′miko, ‘swallowed in the water’.” Who acts: brother, little brother. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore o
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 6, sentence 144

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His brother began crying and ran back to his grandmother in the wigwam, saying, “My little brother is koga′miko, ‘swallowed in the water’.”

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**Who acts:** brother, little brother · **What happens:** begin, cry, run back, say, be, swallow · **To what, where:** wigwam, koga ′ miko, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, little brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:16:144
# text = His brother began crying and ran back to his grandmother in the wigwam, saying, “My little brother is koga′miko, ‘swallowed in the water’.”
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
17	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
22	koga	koga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	′	′	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	miko	miko	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Pike's brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | Pike's brother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **run back** | past | Pike's brother *not said here* |  |  | the wigwam |  | to Pike's grandmother *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to grandmother=Result |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Pike's brother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | My little brother | koga ′ miko |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **swallow** *in a quote* | participle |  | koga ′ miko *not said here* |  | the water |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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