---
title: “Ki·niŋgwa‵zəm, you are a liar.” — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: “Ki·niŋgwa‵zəm, you are a liar.” Who acts: niŋgwa zəm. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7, sentence 65

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“Ki·niŋgwa‵zəm, you are a liar.”

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**Who acts:** niŋgwa zəm · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** liar

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (niŋgwa zəm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:17:65
# text = “Ki·niŋgwa‵zəm, you are a liar.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ki	ki	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	·	·	PUNCT	NFP	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	niŋgwa	niŋgwa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	‵	‵	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	zəm	zəm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	liar	liar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | niŋgwa zəm | a liar |  |  |  | you *nsubj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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