---
title: They had discovered a place the day before where trees had fallen do… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: They had discovered a place the day before where trees had fallen down and snow had covered them, thus making a tunnel. Who acts: people, trees. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8, sentence 71

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They had discovered a place the day before where trees had fallen down and snow had covered them, thus making a tunnel.

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**Who acts:** people, trees · **What happens:** discover, fall down, cover, make · **To what, where:** place, snow, tunnel

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:18:71
# text = They had discovered a place the day before where trees had fallen down and snow had covered them, thus making a tunnel.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
13	down	down	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	tunnel	tunnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | past · perfect | people | a place |  |  | day |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 2 | **fall down** | past · perfect | trees |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cover** | past · perfect · passive |  | snow |  |  |  | people *obj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | gerund | trees *not said here* | a tunnel |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tunnel=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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