---
title: Then the family started to take the portage which led across to the… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the family started to take the portage which led across to the big lake containing the islands. Who acts: family, portage, big lake. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8, with 
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8, sentence 9

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Then the family started to take the portage which led across to the big lake containing the islands.

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**Who acts:** family, portage, big lake · **What happens:** start, take, lead, contain · **To what, where:** portage, islands

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (family, portage, big lake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:18:9
# text = Then the family started to take the portage which led across to the big lake containing the islands.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	portage	portage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	across	across	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | the family |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **take** | to-infinitive | the family *not said here* | the portage |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent portage=Theme |
| 3 | **lead** | past | the portage |  |  |  |  | to the big lake; across *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to lake=Patient |
| 4 | **contain** | gerund | the big lake *not said here* | the islands |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot island=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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