---
title: [8] Pαgwa′k·wut pugəma′gan “arrow-head hammer,” an old style of war… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: [8] Pαgwa′k·wut pugəma′gan “arrow-head hammer,” an old style of war club with a stone set in a big wooden head attached to a handle and swung by a thong from the warrior’s elbow to leave his hand free. Who acts: wut. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Phonetic Key., sentence 48

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\[8\] Pαgwa′k·wut pugəma′gan “arrow-head hammer,” an old style of war club with a stone set in a big wooden head attached to a handle and swung by a thong from the warrior’s elbow to leave his hand free.

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**Who acts:** wut · **What happens:** gan, set, attach, swing, leave · **To what, where:** stone, big wooden head, hand, 8 k

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Phonetic Key.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wut), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:21:48
# text = [8] Pαgwa′k·wut pugəma′gan “arrow-head hammer,” an old style of war club with a stone set in a big wooden head attached to a handle and swung by a thong from the warrior’s elbow to leave his hand free.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Pαgwa	Pαgwa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	′	′	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	k	thousand	NUM	CD	Abbr=Yes|NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	·	·	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	wut	wut	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	11	nsubj	_	_
9	pugəma	pugəma	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	flat:foreign	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	′	′	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	flat:foreign	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	gan	gan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
19	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
31	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
32	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
34	attached	attach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	swung	swing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	conj	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	thong	thong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	from	from	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	’s	's	PART	POS	_	45	case	_	_
47	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	49	mark	_	_
49	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	acl	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	_
52	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gan** |  | wut |  |  |  |  | head hammer and a old style of war club with a stone *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **set** | participle |  | a stone *not said here* |  | a big wooden head |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in head=Destination |
| 3 | **attach** | participle |  | a big wooden head *not said here* |  |  |  | to a handle | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to handle=Co-Patient |
| 4 | **swing** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a thong from the warrior's elbow | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by thong=Trajectory |
| 5 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  | Pαgwa's hand |  |  |  | free *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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