---
title: When he looked up, he saw a tree that had been blown down, resting i… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: When he looked up, he saw a tree that had been blown down, resting in the crotch of another tree over him that rubbed when the wind blew and made this noise. Who acts: cry, tree, wind. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Wiske·djak 
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 1, sentence 77

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When he looked up, he saw a tree that had been blown down, resting in the crotch of another tree over him that rubbed when the wind blew and made this noise.

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**Who acts:** cry, tree, wind · **What happens:** look up, see, blow down, rest, rub, blow · **To what, where:** tree, crotch, noise

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cry, tree, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:5:77
# text = When he looked up, he saw a tree that had been blown down, resting in the crotch of another tree over him that rubbed when the wind blew and made this noise.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	down	down	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	resting	rest	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	crotch	crotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
22	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	over	over	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nmod	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	rubbed	rub	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
27	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	30	advmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
33	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	34	det	_	_
34	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look up** | past | cry |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **see** | past | cry | a tree |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tree=Stimulus |
| 3 | **blow down** | past · perfect · passive |  | a tree |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **rest** | gerund | cry *not said here* |  |  | the crotch of another tree over cry |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in crotch=Location |
| 5 | **rub** | past | another tree over cry |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **blow** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **make** | past | the wind *not said here* | this noise |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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