---
title: One time, in the autumn of the year, he noticed the flocks of ducks… — Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin… · tree and pragmatics
description: One time, in the autumn of the year, he noticed the flocks of ducks flying south and how fat they were. Who acts: djak, ducks. A sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 2, sentence 3

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One time, in the autumn of the year, he noticed the flocks of ducks flying south and how fat they were.

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**Who acts:** djak, ducks · **What happens:** notice, fly · **To what, where:** flocks

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This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (djak, ducks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66509:6:3
# text = One time, in the autumn of the year, he noticed the flocks of ducks flying south and how fat they were.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	flocks	flock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
18	south	south	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
21	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | djak | the flocks of ducks and fat |  |  | time |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer flock=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund | ducks *not said here* |  |  |  |  | south *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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