---
title: Some men of science say that the molten liquid, which is mostly an i… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Some men of science say that the molten liquid, which is mostly an iron-stained glass, foamy with the intensely hot gases which escape from the inside of the earth, comes from an under layer beneath the outer crust of the earth, which would be found anywhere if we went down deep enough. Who acts: me
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 15

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Some men of science say that the molten liquid, which is mostly an iron-stained glass, foamy with the intensely hot gases which escape from the inside of the earth, comes from an under layer beneath the outer crust of the earth, which would be found anywhere if we went down deep enough.

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**Who acts:** men, molten liquid, hot gases, we · **What happens:** say, stain, be, escape, come, find · **To what, where:** stained glass, inside, layer, outer crust · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, molten liquid, hot gases, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:1:15
# text = Some men of science say that the molten liquid, which is mostly an iron-stained glass, foamy with the intensely hot gases which escape from the inside of the earth, comes from an under layer beneath the outer crust of the earth, which would be found anywhere if we went down deep enough.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	molten	molten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
13	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	stained	stain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	amod	_	_
18	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	foamy	foamy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	intensely	intensely	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
27	escape	escape	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	inside	inside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
35	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
36	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	under	under	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	crust	crust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
48	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	51	nsubj:pass	_	_
49	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
50	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	aux:pass	_	_
51	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	43	acl	_	_
52	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	51	advmod	_	_
53	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	55	mark	_	_
54	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	55	nsubj	_	_
55	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	advcl	_	_
56	down	down	ADV	RB	_	57	advmod	_	_
57	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	xcomp	_	_
58	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	57	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some men of science |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | iron *compound* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the molten liquid | a stained glass |  |  |  | mostly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **escape** | present | the hot gases |  |  | the inside of the earth |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from inside=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **come** | present | the molten liquid |  |  | a layer beneath the outer crust of the earth |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from layer=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **find** | would · passive |  | the outer crust of the earth |  |  |  | anywhere *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 7 | **go down** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | we |  |  |  |  | deep *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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