---
title: It is clear that heat and gas action are the motive agents which mak… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: It is clear that heat and gas action are the motive agents which make volcanoes so lively, so much so that simultaneously Mauna Loa and Kilauea may maintain liquid columns of lava at two different elevations ten thousand feet apart. Who acts: heat, motive agents, Mauna Loa. A sentence of «Hawaiian L
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 19

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It is clear that heat and gas action are the motive agents which make volcanoes so lively, so much so that simultaneously Mauna Loa and Kilauea may maintain liquid columns of lava at two different elevations ten thousand feet apart.

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**Who acts:** heat, motive agents, Mauna Loa · **What happens:** be, make, maintain · **To what, where:** motive agents, volcanoes, liquid columns, two different elevations

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heat, motive agents, Mauna Loa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:1:19
# text = It is clear that heat and gas action are the motive agents which make volcanoes so lively, so much so that simultaneously Mauna Loa and Kilauea may maintain liquid columns of lava at two different elevations ten thousand feet apart.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
5	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	motive	motive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	lively	lively	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	much	much	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
21	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	maintain	maintain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
30	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	columns	column	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	at	at	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	nummod	_	_
36	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	elevations	elevation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
38	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	39	compound	_	_
39	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	nummod	_	_
40	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	_
41	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | heat and gas action | the motive agents |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | the motive agents | volcanoes |  |  |  | lively *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset volcano=Product |
| 4 | **maintain** | may | Mauna Loa and Kilauea | liquid columns of lava |  | two different elevations and thousand feet |  | apart *property* | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent column=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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