---
title: Mauna Loa with its flows is tending through the ages to bury up Kila… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Mauna Loa with its flows is tending through the ages to bury up Kilauea, and it is quite possible that within a few centuries there will be flows from Mauna Loa which will cascade over the wall into Kilauea crater and so make Kilauea Mountain appear to be a mere spur of Mauna Loa. Who acts: Mauna, c
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 28

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Mauna Loa with its flows is tending through the ages to bury up Kilauea, and it is quite possible that within a few centuries there will be flows from Mauna Loa which will cascade over the wall into Kilauea crater and so make Kilauea Mountain appear to be a mere spur of Mauna Loa.

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**Who acts:** Mauna, crisis, possible flows, Kilauea · **What happens:** tend, bury up, be, cascade, make, appear · **To what, where:** ages, Kilauea, possible flows, Mauna Loa, wall, mere spur

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mauna, crisis, possible flows, Kilauea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:1:28
# text = Mauna Loa with its flows is tending through the ages to bury up Kilauea, and it is quite possible that within a few centuries there will be flows from Mauna Loa which will cascade over the wall into Kilauea crater and so make Kilauea Mountain appear to be a mere spur of Mauna Loa.
1	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	flows	flow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	tending	tend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	bury	bury	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
22	within	within	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
27	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
29	flows	flow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
34	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
35	cascade	cascade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	acl:relcl	_	_
36	over	over	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
39	into	into	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	compound	_	_
41	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	so	so	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
44	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	conj	_	_
45	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	nsubj	_	_
46	Mountain	Mountain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	flat	_	_
47	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	ccomp	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	52	mark	_	_
49	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	52	cop	_	_
50	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	mere	mere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	spur	spur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	ccomp	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	_
55	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	54	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tend** | present · progressive | Mauna with crisis's flows |  |  |  | through the ages |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bury up** | to-infinitive | Mauna with crisis's flows *not said here* | Kilauea |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilauea=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | crisis |  |  |  |  | possible *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | infinitive |  | possible flows |  | Mauna Loa |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **cascade** | future | possible flows |  |  | the wall |  | into Kilauea crater | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over wall=Location |
| 6 | **make** | infinitive | possible flows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **appear** | present | Kilauea |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Kilauea *not said here* | a mere spur |  |  |  | of Mauna | tree rules |
| 9 | **flow** |  | crisis |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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