---
title: Mauna Kea to the north appears to have been a great circular volcano… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Mauna Kea to the north appears to have been a great circular volcano about one hundred miles in diameter, and when it had extinguished itself by too much building, its lava took refuge in making two new cones out on the edge of the old mountain, namely Kilauea and Hualalai. Who acts: Mauna, lava. A 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/29/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Opening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/) / 29

# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 29

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mauna Kea to the north appears to have been a great circular volcano about one hundred miles in diameter, and when it had extinguished itself by too much building, its lava took refuge in making two new cones out on the edge of the old mountain, namely Kilauea and Hualalai.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mauna, lava · **What happens:** appear, be, extinguish, take, make · **To what, where:** great circular volcano, diameter, refuge, two new cones, edge

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mauna, lava), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:1:29
# text = Mauna Kea to the north appears to have been a great circular volcano about one hundred miles in diameter, and when it had extinguished itself by too much building, its lava took refuge in making two new cones out on the edge of the old mountain, namely Kilauea and Hualalai.
1	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	Kea	Kea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	circular	circular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
14	about	about	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	compound	_	_
16	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	diameter	diameter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
26	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	25	obj	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	too	too	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
35	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
36	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
37	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	advcl	_	_
38	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	nummod	_	_
39	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	cones	cone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
41	out	out	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
42	on	on	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	appos	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	Hualalai	Hualalai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | Mauna to the north |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive · perfect | Mauna to the north *not said here* | a great circular volcano |  |  |  | about hundred miles in diameter | tree rules |
| 3 | **extinguish** | past · perfect · passive |  | diameter |  |  |  | by much building | tree rules |
| 4 | **take** | past | diameter's lava | refuge |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | gerund | diameter's lava *not said here* | two new cones |  | the edge of the old mountain |  | out *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cone=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/28/)
- next →: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/30/)
- ↑ back to [Opening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/)