---
title: Sometimes when the holua track was worn close down to the earth, gra… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Sometimes when the holua track was worn close down to the earth, grass, rushes, and even leaves, were carefully strewn over the ground to make easy gliding for the polished runners. Who acts: earth. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali, wi
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 20

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Sometimes when the holua track was worn close down to the earth, grass, rushes, and even leaves, were carefully strewn over the ground to make easy gliding for the polished runners.

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**Who acts:** earth · **What happens:** wear, rush, strewn, make, glide, polish · **To what, where:** holua track, leaves, ground

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:20
# text = Sometimes when the holua track was worn close down to the earth, grass, rushes, and even leaves, were carefully strewn over the ground to make easy gliding for the polished runners.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	7	advmod	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	holua	holua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	rushes	rush	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
19	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
23	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	strewn	strewn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
25	over	over	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
30	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
31	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	30	advcl	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	polished	polish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	amod	_	_
35	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past · passive |  | the holua track |  |  |  | to the earth and grass; down, sometimes *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |
| 2 | **rush** | present | the earth and grass *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **strewn** | past · passive |  | leaves |  | the ground |  | carefully *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 5 | **glide** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for the polished runners | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **polish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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