---
title: He took his wife, Kanaka-wahine, his two children, his sister Koai,… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: He took his wife, Kanaka-wahine, his two children, his sister Koai, his younger brother, and Ahua, one of the young chiefs who was his aikane (intimate friend), and also his necessary retainers and their baggage, and among the most cherished of all, his favorite pig, Aloi-puaa. Who acts: wali, young
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 27

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He took his wife, Kanaka-wahine, his two children, his sister Koai, his younger brother, and Ahua, one of the young chiefs who was his aikane (intimate friend), and also his necessary retainers and their baggage, and among the most cherished of all, his favorite pig, Aloi-puaa.

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**Who acts:** wali, young chiefs · **What happens:** take, be, cherish · **To what, where:** wife, aikane, favorite pig

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wali, young chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:27
# text = He took his wife, Kanaka-wahine, his two children, his sister Koai, his younger brother, and Ahua, one of the young chiefs who was his aikane (intimate friend), and also his necessary retainers and their baggage, and among the most cherished of all, his favorite pig, Aloi-puaa.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	Kanaka	Kanaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	wahine	wahine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:desc	_	_
16	Koai	Koai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	Ahua	Ahua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
30	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	aikane	aikane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	intimate	intimate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
40	also	also	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
41	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
42	necessary	necessary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	retainers	retainer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	baggage	baggage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
49	among	among	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	52	advmod	_	_
52	cherished	cherish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
56	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	58	nmod:poss	_	_
57	favorite	favorite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
60	Aloi	Aloi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	62	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	puaa	puaa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | wali | wali's wife and Kanaka wahine and wali's two children and Koai  wali's sister |  |  |  | wali's younger brother *obl*; Ahua *obl*; wali's necessary retainers and retainers's baggage *obj* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Theme retainer=Destination |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the young chiefs | wali's aikane |  |  |  | wali *nmod:poss*; intimate friend *appos* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cherish** | participle | wali *not said here* | wali's favorite pig |  |  |  | of all | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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