---
title: Kaha-wali leaped from his holua as it came to the foot of the hill,… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Kaha-wali leaped from his holua as it came to the foot of the hill, threw off his kihei (cloak), caught his spear, and, calling Ahua to follow, ran toward the sea. Who acts: Kaha wali. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali, with its depende
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 66

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Kaha-wali leaped from his holua as it came to the foot of the hill, threw off his kihei (cloak), caught his spear, and, calling Ahua to follow, ran toward the sea.

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**Who acts:** Kaha wali · **What happens:** leap, come, throw off, catch, call, follow · **To what, where:** Kaha wali, holua, foot, kihei, spear, Ahua · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaha wali), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:66
# text = Kaha-wali leaped from his holua as it came to the foot of the hill, threw off his kihei (cloak), caught his spear, and, calling Ahua to follow, ran toward the sea.
1	Kaha	Kaha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	wali	wali	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	leaped	leap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	holua	holua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
19	off	off	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	kihei	kihei	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
33	Ahua	Ahua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
38	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | participle |  | Kaha wali *not said here* |  | wali's holua |  | as holua | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from holua=Trajectory |
| 2 | **come** | past | Kaha wali |  |  | the foot of the hill |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to foot=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **throw off** | past |  | wali's kihei |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kihei=Theme |
| 4 | **catch** | past |  | wali's spear |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Theme |
| 5 | **call** | gerund | Kaha wali *not said here* | Ahua |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **follow** | to-infinitive | Kaha wali *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **run** | past | Kaha wali *not said here* |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme toward sea=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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