---
title: The hog was caught by Pele in a few moments and changed into a great… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The hog was caught by Pele in a few moments and changed into a great black stone in the heart of the channel and left, as the centre of the river of fire flowed on to destroy the two fleeing chiefs.—Rocks scattered along the banks of this old channel are pointed out as the individuals and the remnan
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 79

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The hog was caught by Pele in a few moments and changed into a great black stone in the heart of the channel and left, as the centre of the river of fire flowed on to destroy the two fleeing chiefs.—Rocks scattered along the banks of this old channel are pointed out as the individuals and the remnants of houses destroyed by Pele.

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**Who acts:** Pele · **What happens:** catch, change, leave, flow on, destroy, flee · **To what, where:** hog, great black stone, river, two fleeing chiefs, Rocks, banks

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:79
# text = The hog was caught by Pele in a few moments and changed into a great black stone in the heart of the channel and left, as the centre of the river of fire flowed on to destroy the two fleeing chiefs.—Rocks scattered along the banks of this old channel are pointed out as the individuals and the remnants of houses destroyed by Pele.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hog	hog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	moments	moment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	channel	channel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	flowed	flow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	acl	_	_
36	on	on	ADP	RP	_	35	compound:prt	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	advcl	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
40	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	42	nummod	_	_
41	fleeing	flee	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	42	amod	_	_
42	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	Rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	nsubj:pass	_	_
46	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	45	acl	_	_
47	along	along	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
51	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	53	det	_	_
52	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	channel	channel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
54	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	55	aux:pass	_	_
55	pointed	point	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
56	out	out	ADP	RP	_	55	compound:prt	_	_
57	as	as	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
59	individuals	individual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	obl	_	_
60	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	remnants	remnant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	conj	_	_
63	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
64	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	nmod	_	_
65	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	64	acl	_	_
66	by	by	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
67	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	65	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past · passive | Pele | the hog |  |  | moment |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **change** | participle | Pele *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into a great black stone *result*; in the heart of the channel | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into stone=Result |
| 3 | **leave** | past | Pele *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the centre of the river of fire | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **flow on** | participle |  | the river of fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **destroy** | to-infinitive |  | the two fleeing chiefs |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chief=Patient |
| 6 | **flee** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **scatter** | participle |  | Rocks *not said here* |  | the banks of this old channel |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme along bank=Destination |
| 8 | **point out** | present · passive |  | Rocks |  |  |  | as the individuals and the remnants of houses | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 9 | **destroy** | participle |  | houses *not said here* |  |  |  | Pele *obl:agent* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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