---
title: Kaha-wali crossed on his spear and pulled his friend over after him. — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Kaha-wali crossed on his spear and pulled his friend over after him. Who acts: Kaha wali. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 82

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Kaha-wali crossed on his spear and pulled his friend over after him.

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**Who acts:** Kaha wali · **What happens:** cross, pull over · **To what, where:** Kaha wali, spear, friend

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaha wali), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:82
# text = Kaha-wali crossed on his spear and pulled his friend over after him.
1	Kaha	Kaha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	wali	wali	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	crossed	cross	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
9	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	over	over	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | participle |  | Kaha wali *not said here* |  | wali's spear |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pull over** | past | Kaha wali | wali's friend |  |  | after friend | over *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent friend=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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