---
title: The sleds were usually made of hard, dark kauila [6] wood. — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The sleds were usually made of hard, dark kauila [6] wood. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 9

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The sleds were usually made of hard, dark kauila \[6\] wood.

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**What happens:** make · **To what, where:** sleds

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:10:9
# text = The sleds were usually made of hard, dark kauila [6] wood.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sleds	sled	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	kauila	kauila	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
14	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | the sleds |  |  |  | of hard dark kauila and wood; usually *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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