---
title: There is a curiously marked fish with an angular body and very thick… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: There is a curiously marked fish with an angular body and very thick skin, which is said by the Hawaiians to sometimes utter a grunting sound. Who acts: marked fish. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 8

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There is a curiously marked fish with an angular body and very thick skin, which is said by the Hawaiians to sometimes utter a grunting sound.

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**Who acts:** marked fish · **What happens:** be, mark, say, utter · **To what, where:** angular body, grunting sound · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (marked fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:11:8
# text = There is a curiously marked fish with an angular body and very thick skin, which is said by the Hawaiians to sometimes utter a grunting sound.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	curiously	curiously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	angular	angular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Hawaiians	Hawaiian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	18	ccomp	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
23	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	24	advmod	_	_
24	utter	utter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	acl	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	grunting	grunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a marked fish |  |  | there |  | with a angular body and thick skin | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mark** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | curiously *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | a angular body and thick skin |  |  |  | the Hawaiians *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 4 | **utter** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  | a grunting sound |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sound=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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